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Two days before his 28th birthday Nicholas William Lesson went
missing from Singapore on his desk he left a hurriedly scribbled
not saying "I'm Sorry." He guessed he would be
jailed for the fraud and in the hope of being locked up in the UK
rather than the Far East; the couple went on the run. He went first
to an exclusive resort in Borneo, and then to Frankfurt. The worlds
most wanted man on the cover of every newspaper checked in on his
flight to Europe using his own name and hiding beneath a baseball
cap. The German authorities were alerted and the Police were there
to greet Leeson as he touched down. On the news of Leesons arrest
cheers erupted in the worlds futures markets.
In his wake he had wiped out the 233 year old Baring investment
Bank, who proudly counted HM The Queen as a client. The $1.3 billion
dollars of liabilities he had run up was more than the entire capital
and reserves of the bank. Investors saw their savings wiped out,
and some 1,200 of Leeson's fellow employees lost their Jobs. Dutch
bank ING agreed to assume nearly all of Barings' debt and acquired
the bank for the princely sum of £1.
Who
was to blame? Leeson definitely. He pleaded guilty to forging documents
and misleading SIMEX, but as the dust settled from the Barrings
collapse, the famous line from the Watergate prosecution was asked;
"What did the President know, and when did he know it?' Although
there is no doubt about Leesons deeds, could senior bank officials
not have known of the rogue trader's actions? The Bank of England
in its report concluded, that the hot shot trader had acted alone
managing to pull the wool over his superiors eyes until it was too
late to save the bank. It was certainly a fact that most of the
old school really never understood or cared to master the complexities
of derivatives trading.
But Barings could not totally escape blame, an internal memo dated
in 1993 had warned the London headquarters about allowing Leeson
to be both trader and settlement officer "We are in danger
of setting up a system that will prove disastrous." Nothing
was done. In January 1995 SIMEX expressed concern to the bank about
Leesons dealings, but to no avail as the bank still wired him $1
billon to continue his trading. A report by the Singapore authorities
into the collapse regards with disbelief, the protestations by Leeson's
superiors, all of who were forced to resign, that they knew nothing
of error account 88888.
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After his arrest in Germany he spent a few fraught months trying
to escape extradition to Singapore. He failed and in December 1995
a court in Singapore sentenced him to six and a half years after
pleading guilty to two counts of deceiving the bank's auditors and
of cheating the Singapore exchange. Having served nearly nine months
in Germany awaiting extradition, his sentence was backdated to March
2, 1995. In jail, he is said to have exercised vigorously, ‘found
God’ and spent his days pacing away the time.
The fortunes of Leeson's personal life also seemed to mirror the
peaks and troughs of his career. Lisa his wife got a job as an airhostess
to be able to visit him regularly. She even helped him write his
book, Rogue Trader. Their marriage at first survived the strain
of being apart. But what Lisa could not abide were his revelations
of his infidelity with Geisha girls, and she divorced him. Her remarriage
— to another City trader served to further knock his spirit
and he grew very depressed at losing his once-devoted wife.
Within months, Leeson was diagnosed as suffering from cancer of
the colon, the disease that had killed his mother when he was only
20. From being a partying, good-time youngster who could abuse his
body with heavy drinking, he was reduced to a ghost of a man. His
weight plummeted and most of his hair fell out from chemotherapy.
His father, a plasterer, has myeloma, diagnosed after Nick himself
fell ill.
Prison itself was not exactly kind to the immune system; it was
a hard existence, Nick being locked up with two others in a tiny
cell 23 hours out of 24. Cellmates belonged to rival gangs, and
when fights broke out you inevitably got drawn in. Nick slept on
the rough concrete floor; breakfast was three slices of bread and
the other meals, monotonous rice with a bit of chicken or vegetables.
The worst period — worse even than cancer, Nick insists —
was the seven months between March and October 1996, when Lisa's
visits and daily letters dried up: "In prison you really
need something to hang on to. That something was my relationship
until suddenly I didn't know what was going on between Lisa and
me. Eventually I wrote offering a divorce and after two weeks she
replied, saying yes."
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